大河边上的村落
白山贵 84453万字 19647人读过 连载
2013年10月5——6日两天我与健康快乐群一起到本溪赏枫叶 我们早上6点在中兴门前集合出发前往洋湖沟 湖里与大地森林公园我的心情无比激动 又是一年落叶黄一场秋雨一场凉 天高云淡，微风送凉当秋季悄悄来临之时我的心也随着来到大山里 享受着大自然美感受着大山的怀抱这时到山里看枫叶正是好季节 也是一年中人们感觉最惬意的时光 大自然送给人们这如花似锦的季节，春华秋实；祖国大地，金色稻浪，收获喜悦 温情感伤 而我喜欢秋天的理由很是简单 秋天是果实成熟的时候 我们刚来到山脚下 就看见山两旁的枫树 有的还是金灿灿的黄色 有的是半黄半红 还有的则是火一般的红色 还有棵棵翠绿的松柏我的心一下就被大山所拥抱我在用心去感受大山感受大自然的温暖我已经陶醉了 还是用我手中的相机拍下这美丽风景红叶与人物留下美好的记忆吧([]
最新章节： 第521章 剑王朝 （ 2024-06-01 20:34:47）
更新时间： 2024-06-01 19:56:07
- 第1章 mg
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床上电影院桃花岛久久干
陈雅婷金秋十月，有幸与中国民俗摄影协会徐州分会一起去华北晋冀摄影采风行。国庆长假，对去哪里和怎么去一直是个很纠结的事情。十一长假，金秋季节，不出去吧，觉得错失好季节，出去吧，又担心车满人满，到哪里都是人挤人，人挨人，这对于不爱凑热闹的驴友影友们而言是个大忌。正巧摄影协会也在讨论此事，最后决定走一条冷门线路，来一次金秋晋冀摄影采风行，哇，好线路，二话不说，咱报名，于是乎，就“成就”了这趟旅行线路：徐州—清西陵—紫荆关长城—蔚州古城—上苏庄—空中草原—蔚县—暖泉古镇—大同—悬空寺—应县—恒山—平遥—徐州D19月30日 徐州—清西陵 9月30日晚上8：00，一行32人包了一辆大客出发了，一车的欢声笑语，一夜的辛苦旅途，于10月1日清晨到达此行的第一站——清西陵。D2 10.1清西陵—紫荆关—乌龙沟—蔚县 清西陵位于河北省易县城西15公里处永宁山下，离北京120多公里。周界约100公里，面积达800余平方公里。清西陵是清代自雍正时起四位皇帝的陵寝之地，陵内共有14座陵墓，包括雍正的泰陵、嘉庆的昌陵、道光的慕陵和光绪的崇陵。此外还有3座后陵，以及若干座公主、妃子园寝。我们第一个参观的是光绪的崇陵。崇陵是光绪皇帝的陵墓，也是我国最后一座帝王陵墓。光绪帝名载湉，爱新觉罗氏。其父是道光皇帝的第七子醇亲王，其母叶赫那拉氏，是慈禧太后的胞妹。同治帝病故后，由慈禧太后做主，指定继承皇位。崇陵始建于1909年，陵址名叫金龙峪。其规模虽不如雍正、嘉庆的陵墓那样庞大，没有大碑亭、石像生等建筑，但它除继承清代建陵规制，参照咸丰帝定陵、同治帝惠陵的风格外，又吸收了古代建筑技术的某些精华，仍具有它的特色。整个陵寝根据守卫和祭把的需要，建筑了五孔桥、巡房、牌楼门、神厨库、三路三孔桥、朝房、班房、隆恩门、燎炉、配殿、隆思殿、三座门、石五供、方城、明楼、宝顶和地宫。 皇家的陵寝就是不一样，入陵的牌楼门都是这么有气派。 步入牌楼门 看这汉白玉桥栏杆的“三路三孔桥”，真有天安门金水桥的范儿。 隆思殿内用的木料均为异常珍贵的铜藻、铁藻，质地坚硬无比，用这种木料制作一把普通太师椅，重量竟高达百余斤，所以隆思殿被誉为“铜梁铁柱”，且梁架之间增加了隔架料，既能托顶，又使殿内更加美观。隆思殿内的四根明柱，底部有海水江涯图案，柱身为一条金龙盘绕向上，较其它帝陵的宝相花更加富丽堂皇。 尽管非常之奢华，皇家，最终也随着流逝的时光成为了过去。。。。 后面的这座院落，便是光绪皇帝的陵寝。光绪登基时，正值清朝面临内忧外患，营造陵寝的工程不能如期破土动工，一直拖延到1908年，光绪皇帝驾崩，1909年才由宣统朝着手操办。修建期间，清朝已走向灭亡，宣统皇帝与隆裕皇太后退位，于是向中华民国政府提出要求：“德宗崇陵未完工程，如制妥修，其奉安典礼，仍如旧制，所有实用经费，均由中华民国支出。”当时，南京临时政府的议和代表及各省都督，对清室要求宽大应许。正门显然不是我们走的，我们自然是走边门进入。 光绪驾崩时，陵还未建，他的梓宫(棺椁)在故宫观德殿暂安。1909年3月，光绪的棺椁又由观德殿迁往西陵梁格庄行宫停放，一路起落，共耗银438400多两。虽然北京至西陵当时已通火车，但光绪棺椁仍用人抬。前面有卫兵开道，随后是皇帝和王公大臣，后面还有隆裕皇后、瑾贵妃等，最后是1400多辆轿车。棺椁拾至阜城门，仅十里远，就撤掉纸钱1000斤，用银260两。北京至西陵行程240华里，抬杠夫每天分为60班，每班128人，轮流抬着棺椁艰苦行进。沿途支搭三宿芦殿，耗银29000两，经过四天三夜，才把光绪的棺椁运到梁格庄行宫，安放于正殿之中。不知当时从北京至西陵行程240华里，杠夫每天分为60班，每班128人，经过四天三夜，轮流抬着棺椁是如何艰苦行进的，但从这陵寝正殿可以感受出当时的排场了。正在这高大的地宫正殿前拍摄，突然从上面跑下来一个孩子，我赶紧抓住机会咔嚓了一张，为这阴气沉重的陵寝增添了点“活气”。来此参观的人们大多是来凭吊下这段历史的，同时也通过这些看看皇家的奢靡生活。 大殿下面的地宫才是摆放灵柩的地方。 据说在光绪的棺椁正式安放崇陵地宫之际，清朝的遗老遗少还在这座帝王陵前，演出了一幕极尽愚忠的闹剧。光绪的老师梁鼎芬是比较典型的一位，他在崇陵的修建过程中，经常到工地瞻祝，为工程的修建筹款募捐。在为光绪送葬时，他由两个亲随搀扶着在陵前执绋(牵引灵枢的大绳)，从行宫一直走到下宫殿。当人们将棺椁、随葬品布置妥当退出地宫后，唯有梁鼎芬疯疯癫癫地坐在地宫内预备给光绪殉葬。后被其亲随背出，才算完事。还真有为清朝皇帝自愿殉葬的忠臣哦。尽管清廷的遗臣为修建崇陵费尽心思，光绪还是没有能够在他的地下寝宫里平安地长眠下去。1931年军阀混战时期，一伙不明身份的兵匪盗掘了崇陵地宫，多数随葬品被劫走。 地宫中合葬着光绪帝和他的隆裕皇后，这是他们的棺椁，其陪葬物品自然是一无所有了。 。。。。。。。。 清西陵北依峰峦叠翠的永宁山，景态雄伟。 这里有华北地区最大的古松林，数以万计的古松、古柏把这一带装点得清秀葱郁，古朴大方。 这陵墓前还有个壁照，也是用来辟邪的吗？ 为了增强排水性能，每个宫殿基部都建有2米宽的散水，明楼前和三座门前分别挖砌了御带河，地宫内凿有14个水眼与龙须沟相通。 妃子墓，妃子墓的琉璃瓦装饰就不是黄色的而是绿色的了。 这满院子里的树让这沉寂的陵墓区不显得那么阴森了。 这是珍妃的墓。清帝后妃有两位女子曾获“珍妃”这一封号，一位是道光帝珍妃赫舍里氏，另一位就是广为人知的光绪帝宠妃他他拉氏。珍妃（1876年－1900年），他他拉氏，满洲镶红旗人。清朝光绪皇帝妃子，也是最为受宠的妃子，后因获罪于慈禧而被投井杀害。而道光帝的珍妃赫舍里氏（1804－？）则卒年葬处不详。恪顺皇贵妃（1876年—1900年）他他拉氏，满洲镶红旗人，人们一般习惯按她曾获封的珍妃来称呼她。清朝光绪皇帝的侧妃，也是最为受宠的妃子，生于光绪二年二月初三为礼部左侍郎长叙之女。光绪十四年(1888年)10月初五慈禧太后选定其弟，副都统桂祥的女儿叶赫那拉氏为光绪帝之后，同时封珍妃与她的姐姐瑾妃为嫔，时瑾嫔15岁，珍嫔13岁。光绪二十年，两人同时晋封为妃。珍妃其祖父乃陕甘总督裕泰，其父长叙曾任户部右侍郎，其伯父长善乃广州将军，珍妃与其姊瑾妃自幼随长善在广州长大。珍妃10岁那年，长善卸任广州将军，她与姊姊随同北返北京。 1889年，珍妃两姊妹被入选宫中，13岁的她被封为珍嫔，15岁的姐姐封为瑾嫔，嫔为九等宫女序列中的第六等，直至光绪二十年甲午春(1894年)，因慈禧太后六旬万寿加恩得晋嫔为妃，前面还有皇后、皇贵妃、贵妃三个等级。光绪26年(1900年)8月初，八国联军集结兵力进攻北京，慈禧太后挟持光绪帝慌忙出逃。[行前，命太监将幽禁于北三所寿药房中的珍妃唤出，推入位于慈宁宫后贞顺门的井中淹死。当时，珍妃年仅25岁。 瑾妃的墓光绪十四年（1888年），在光绪帝的选后大典上，瑾妃和妹妹珍妃同时入选，成为光绪皇帝的妃子，并在隔年元月行大婚礼，之后个别以瑾嫔和珍嫔的身分入宫。在入宫之后，瑾嫔住在东六宫之一的永和宫，妹妹珍妃也同样的住在同为东六宫之一的景仁宫。瑾嫔在宫中并未如妹妹珍嫔一般，获得光绪帝之宠幸，相反的，她和皇后—叶赫那拉˙静芬一般受到冷落，但瑾嫔并不以为意。六年之后，两人被晋升为瑾妃和珍妃。光绪二十年（1894年），珍妃因故得罪慈禧太后，姊姊瑾妃也受到牵连而一同被降为贵人，但在隔年两人又恢复了原本的妃子位号，但珍妃却受到了监禁，而瑾妃却依然保有自由、继续住在永和宫。光绪二十六年（1900年）七月，八国联军攻入京师，慈禧太后携宫眷出逃紫禁城，瑾妃便是其中一员。在宣统皇帝溥仪登基之后，瑾妃继续住在永和宫，并被尊为兼祧皇考瑾贵妃。在宣统逊位后，上徽号为端康皇太妃，她和溥仪的关系似乎不坏，溥仪称他为皇阿娘，每遇年节还会请她一同欢庆。溥仪退位后的次年，隆裕太后崩逝，瑾妃在四大太妃的地位中有所提高，她在四大太妃中年龄最轻，思想也较开通。民国十一年，在逊清朝廷为溥仪议婚时，瑾妃支持以婉容为皇后。瑾妃在永和宫过著很有品味的生活，时常以丹青书法自娱。在永和宫的摆设中，有着数样的瓶盘盆景、上头都镶嵌著精致出色的钟表和花鸟人物，同时她也是一位美食家，经常派人到京城附近的天福号买酱肘子供她吃早餐，由于瑾妃喜爱美食，因此永和宫里的小膳房，烹饪相当地出色，逊清的王公旧臣都爱吃她赏的饭。1923年,瑾妃五十寿辰,特邀请梅兰芳等著名京剧演员入宫演戏. 民国十三年（1924年），在和溥仪及其余逊清皇室成员欢度中秋佳节后，瑾妃受了风寒一病不起，五天后因情况恶化而死在永和宫，享年五十一岁，并以端康皇贵妃的身分，下葬于光绪帝的崇陵妃园寝。谥为温靖皇贵妃。在崇陵，还有做骑马旅游生意的，只是这么点路程，并没什么人骑马，这里的马儿就悠哉悠哉了。参观完崇陵接着去看泰陵。雍正的泰陵，居于陵区的中心位置，是清西陵中建筑最早、规模最大的一座。其余各陵则分布在东西两侧。 泰陵的神道，由三层巨砖铺成，两边苍松翠柏，上南往北分布着40多项大大小小的建筑。 ([]
岛国高清在线—二区
林彦霖Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, ";Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
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林崇苹出发，啥都别管了！怀着惴惴不安的心情，直至诸多行李通过安检，在此奉劝各车友，打包后的车箱尺寸太大过不了安检的检测仪，态度好的地勤人员会让托运部派人过来接收，态度不好的呢，嘿嘿~.在机上的邻座邂逅一同乡，是我爹一富商朋友，陪同领导们前往丽江度假，听闻了我的计划后颇为吃惊，对我这后进中青年给予了颇高评价，被认可的感觉是很棒的，嘿嘿~晚点近一个半小时的飞机终于抵达昆明机场，预报中的阵雨没有到来，倒是迈出机场那一刻的凉意让我着实吃了一惊，在众目睽睽下笨拙的拆箱装车，都怪平时的基本功不扎实啊，倒腾了许久才勉强装好，身旁等待拉客的黑车司机们迫不及待地和我搭讪，他们说出机场的路只有一条，并且是高速，但是通常都不查的，没事上路吧，小伙子。骑着亲手组装好的车子上路，那种成就感自感豪真是没得说的。昨日抵达昆明，入住茶花，心情大好。可惜公共wifi太多人占用，效率低下，舍弃自己的平板电脑，到前台免费提供的地方上网，没一会，一老外姑娘娇滴滴跟我搭讪，纳闷一会才听明白她说：you stay hear long?稍一迟疑，又看到四周虎视眈眈的目光，只好大方地说：just moment,maybe...,just moment!话说昨日离开昆明机场，骑上唯一一条可以离开机场的路，就是那条无比宽敞有着超级顺滑新开通的柏油路，远远看到收费站的绿色通道站着个穿制服的，小心脏就开始砰砰跳了。“同志，非机动车上高速需要罚款五十”“我知道错了，警察叔叔，但是这是唯一一条出路啊”“这是规定，我也没有办法，你支持一下我工作好吧”“叔叔，我是失业了才出来骑行，希望通过这个折磨来让我反省自己的错误，您也是过来人，应该可以理解吧”“........”“走吧，年轻人，从前面岔口下，路上小心点”我的小心脏哟，那个叫做狂喜，看来昆明的警察同志还是很有爱的嘛但是，从此后我就记住了这条通往昆明市区的某条不知名的国道了，那叫坑爹啊，路况极差浓烟滚滚且先不说，各种横行霸道从我身边呼啸而过，边用那不争气的平板导航边问路辗转回到青旅，在浴室镜子前卸下装备，着实吓了一跳后哑然失笑，这才第一天啊！ 梳洗完毕，急忙趁天黑之前到这家超有爱的青旅拍些照片lonely planet（孤独行星）说这是中国最棒的青旅之一，看来确实名不虚传，废话少说，看照片！院内听到熟悉的福州话，和那两位初邂逅的大姐瞎扯了一番，她们说是这儿的常客，但是这地儿17号就要拆迁了，哎呀，我们仨那叫一个遗憾和唏嘘啊。她们推荐说边上有家老字号的过桥米线很给力，我就迅速找个机会和她们依依惜别，随即出门觅食。够饿且够闲的前提下的任何猪食都可以是美食了，更何况是这经典搭配：红油血旺+传统过桥+大理啤酒哼哧哼哧后，肚胀难受，在街上溜达，昆明的傍晚有着福州初秋时分的感觉，凉爽、明亮，彩云之南，人间天堂啊。我找了家超市补充了些装备，买了张云南的地图，问了好几家户外店都没有买到防狼喷雾（这让我今天大为后悔，后话）回到茶花，在极不爽的网络世界里折磨了数小时后悻悻然回房。备注：平时主要上新浪微博，感兴趣的亲们可以关注一下“老朱小弟” 没有了爱疯的导航，早上像无头苍蝇似的在昆明市区打转，多亏了几位好心人的帮忙，尤其要多谢一位慈祥的姑娘，一直送我到二环南路的桥下。突然觉得这种沿途靠问路西行的方法也不错，至少可以接触到形形色色的人。未经许可将我的爱疯占为己有的人啊，我好像开始尝试原谅你了。话说朱小弟二师兄蒙着面顶着烈日垂头丧气地骑行在茫茫无际的烂路上时，突然路边杀出一黑一黄两只恶犬，分别从二师兄两侧包抄而来，说时迟那时快，二师兄边朝恶犬使出狮子吼边启动运动模式，虽在上坡路段，但v8引擎的表现也确实让人惊叹，如此拉锯数百米，犬乏。说人话！朱小弟被狗追，怕怕。妈的，人品太好也至于招惹畜生啊！我上下检索了一番，怀疑是这驼包的荧光绿防雨罩太骚导致的，那，我要怎么办？一路暴晒，加上各种烂路。继续昨日的浓烟滚滚，反复上下坡，搓板路，碎石路，烂泥路。第一天就这么坑爹。好在最后的二三十公里柳暗花明，连续十公里的柏油路下坡，所有的折磨在这一刻都是那么的无怨无悔。1630，抵达禄丰县城，全程105公里。入住康源宾馆三楼的阳光房，仅盛惠40元。洗漱晒衣后出门觅食。禄丰是一个神奇的地方，这才是中国内地真正的小香港啊，大街小巷充斥着各种娱乐场所，路边巨型广告写着东莞式的服务仅需298元。圆子鸡火锅，可能是我这趟旅程最美味的食物了，可能和边上坐着两位姑娘秀色可餐也有大关系。酒足饭饱，也仅75元。信步街头，走入这家“天罗地网”，花了10元给国家的个人进网吧的开户费冤枉钱。于是有了以上的文章和照片。一前辈网友在微博给我留言说明日有大烂路等着我。who怕who，爷出来混早就知道迟早是要还的。一直往西方骑，听说梦想在那边.......二师兄的西游记（day 3）昨夜一夜无眠，蚊子肆虐，可能是白天晒得太久吸收了过多热量，不停流汗，并且那傻逼风扇自从被我拉了一下摇头后就开始响个不停，大哥，我不是那位你命里注定的维修工，明日一早我还得赶路，您就当我是个P，把我给放了好吗。康源宾馆处于禄丰著名的娱乐场所一条街上，半夜到凌晨，耳畔充斥着酒鬼的嚎叫、嫖客和妓女的浪笑，末了还有位忘带钥匙的兄台把他家卷帘门足足有踹了超过30分钟，我反正睡不着也无所谓，就当是禄丰县旅游局免费赠送给我的3D音频大餐吧。左膝盖明显加剧的疼痛让我忧心忡忡，还记得上次泉州一日行的后果，有接近两周无法使力，这要是重蹈覆辙，我还骑个**尼泊尔，估计到不了大理就要投靠段家当门客了（慕容姑娘不知安好否）。越想越可怕，我这是要马上准备第二套方案吗？总不能过两天就打道回府吧！想起白天路上遇到的那几个徒步前往香格里拉的驴友，或者实在不行就把单车打包寄回去，改为徒步加搭车去拉萨。不能这么想，这和我的初衷相差太多了，要真是这样，以后骑行的日子可能就到此为止了。吸引力法则开始奏效，越想膝盖越痛，我悲催地几乎欲趴在窗台对着那群游魂们痛苦嘶吼。求助下百度吧，据说他神马都懂，搜索答案是坐垫太低、骑行姿势不对和用力过度都可能是罪魁祸首。先在手机里做个备忘吧，明早起来再琢磨琢磨。辗转一夜，满脑子悲观情绪。理想很丰满，现实太他妈骨感了。早上7点钟，天色已亮，距离宾馆不远处顶上安着一个巨型大钟的电信大楼准时播放东方红乐曲，通知禄丰人民快点起床去为早日实现祖国现代化添砖加瓦，可我纳闷的是有这么多彻夜接待国内外贵宾的夜班服务人员他们的生物钟和准时朝九晚五的大老爷们应该是不一样的呀，谁来关心她们的疾苦和心声。我这个只求借宿一宿的外来游客管得也太宽了吧。好吧，反正大爷一夜几乎未合眼，并且这也关我P事，爱谁谁。我开始尝试和膝盖兄进行对话：兄弟，昨儿个肯定是我不对，我光顾着逞强，没有考虑你的感受，今天咱们好好聊聊，你有什么需求都说出来吧。我隐隐感觉到他的回复是希望我能低调些，最好是龟速前进，这样他才可能勉强配合。好吧，再不起床今晚恐怕是到不了楚雄了。我沮丧地呆坐于床沿，给膝盖上药，洗漱收拾。骑车离开宾馆去吃早餐时，天空乌云密布。我以对膝盖兄的承诺的速度缓慢骑行着，反正已经做好最坏打算，索性一路欣赏风景。禄丰至楚雄的这段路基本都在一个又一个的山谷里兜转。阴沉的天，偶有几缕调皮的光线透过厚厚的云层射在山谷里，小桥流水人家，古道西风衰货，慢悠悠的在旁人眼里显得老油条的骑行在这这宛如世外桃源般的溪谷中，倒也十分惬意。能前进就好，即便它确实很慢，我当下就是这么想的。蓦地，身后传来一阵熟悉的声音，一群从广东来的大学生骑行队从身旁结群而过，他们也去拉萨，但行程和我不同，我到楚雄，他们去黑井镇，寒暄道别后这群精壮的小年轻很快就消失于视线，当我缓慢地爬上一个坡顶时，又见到了他们，其中一位兄弟手指着黑乎乎的隧道口说，里头啥都看不见，我们怕你没有手电，所以等你。乱感动了一番。在他们的簇拥下，进入伸手不见五指的山洞里穿行，从亮处一下子进入暗处，其实即便是强光手电也没多大的用处，慌乱中总算骑出了这恐怖的空间。后来又接二连三地经过这种像黑洞似的隧道，不过之后是我一个人独行。我和他们的速度不同，应该说是相差太远。所以一早放弃结伴的念头，能有共同语言共同爱好相当的消费能力还要有匹配的体力，能从头结伴走到尾这该是多难得的缘分啊。谁也别去拖累谁，就让我独自继续骑着这只小毛驴去看戏吧。噩梦终于来临，蜜蜂箐隧道出现在眼前，我的乖乖，这么可爱的名字和如此恐怖的黑洞结合在一起，我晕。兄弟们，帮人帮到底，你们怎么可以因为我的不争气而如此残忍的抛下我呀。前面是无尽的黑暗，后面隐约传来大卡车的轰鸣声，没有方向感，只能凭着第六感在摸索，几次踉跄着要跌倒，完全失控，我勒个去乌云把整个山谷完全给笼罩住了，光线如同隆冬的黄昏一般，我停在路边换上冲锋裤披上雨衣，在森林里独自穿行，翻过垭口后忽然豁然开朗，阳光重现，雨也逐渐停了。膝盖兄，上午至今咱俩还算合作愉快吧，看到公路的指示牌再有一半的路程就要到楚雄了，给力哦！12：15，进入一家算得上窗明几净的路边餐馆准备进食，老板公热情地上前询问我要吃什么，我说吃面，他说小兄弟先坐坐很快就好，谁知真正话事的老板娘横空出现说木有面条，只能点菜，我看着满冰柜的食物完全没有胃口，就礼貌告辞了。我转身离去的那下，隐隐感觉到身后寒光一现，还有端坐在饭桌前可能是他们家媳妇儿那渴望且哀怨的眼神。我其实有点后悔，骑了一上午几乎只看到这家有提供饭食的，错过了这家店，那我的午餐是否就没有着落了？想想包里还有3条在昆明买的士力架和一包牛肉干，咽了咽口水，继续前行。半小时后，一个无名小镇横空出现，我挑剔地找了家永安羊肉店想吃碗热腾腾的羊肉面，这可是我一上午的心愿，看来马上就要实现了。而且这真是我们永安同胞开的店吗，他是否会以他乡遇故知的热忱边给我添上几块硕大的羊肉边满脸堆笑地说都是自己人不容易啊随便吃之类的话。显然，我想太多了。忙碌的老板既听不出有任何福建口音，甚至没有任何一位经商者应有的低姿态。而是满不在乎的问我有几个人。“抱歉，一个人的午餐没空做。”我可以说脏话吗？！太特么的愤愤不平了幸好还有一家脏乎乎的清真餐馆开门迎客，还是刚才大爷我没看上眼的。“羊肉面一晚多少钱？”我冷冰冰地问道。"4块。”这么便宜能吃吗？算了，仅此一家，别无选择。（奉劝诸位，凡事往往都有两面性，别被表面的假象所蒙蔽。）完全出乎意料的美味啊，且分量适中，色香味俱全。我都舍不得立即开吃了，一阵猛拍加微博风卷残云，坐在门口的椅子上思索昨晚@truthfree老弟的留言，说今天会有一段烂路要经历（他们称之为七里坡），上午没感觉有什么糟糕的体验，那想必就在下午的路上。预计还有40公里左右的路，掐指一算，即便我的时速仅达到6公里，再有6个多小时也该到楚雄了，现在时刻下午1点多，那应该最迟8点会到，正好天黑。平均时速6公里，不会这么悲催吧。不要有感性的烦恼！稻盛老先生的话在耳边响起。上路吧。（事实上一整天都没有经历什么明显的烂路，看来心态真的很重要，一旦背水一战，那什么都不是困难了）实在是太喜欢这段路了！虽然有不停地上下坡，但不算太难（看来鼓岭宦溪的反复训练没有白费哦）。午后充足的光线照在低垂的云层上，幻化出的阴影给远处的山脉染上变化的色彩，村庄、溪流点缀在无穷尽的翠绿之中。满山遍野栽种的烟草开出的花所散发出的香味弥漫在整个山谷之中，路旁几只超萌的牛牛无辜地和我深情对视。接着又偶遇几位逆行而来的车友，互致手势问好。感觉非常良好~最重要的是膝盖兄和我的配合越来越好，这完全可以感觉得出来。有时候，出现摩擦是难免的，但是如果大家都本着解决问的态度来对话，凡事都有转机。而若是任一方一意孤行，结果就是一拍两散。膝盖兄，我对您的感激之情无法言表，请受我一拜（呵呵，吃亏的还是你）。正当我满怀欣喜一路小跑之际，一个突如其来的画面闯入视线，心里一紧。右前方的路旁，有两位拾荒的老人背负着沉重的柴火步履蹒跚地相互搀扶行走着。我不忍心超越，缓慢地跟随在后，再一会索性停在路边，拿出相机跟着拍下这令人难过的画面。左侧的那位老人突然跌倒！那股瞬间强大的力量拽得另一位老人也向着她倾斜！我急忙骑上前去，一下子就看到了两张爬满了岁月痕迹充满着无助的脸。原来左侧跌倒的那位老人双目失明。右侧老人卸下身上的重担，去扶起那位跌倒的老人。但是她所卸下的担子实在是太重了而且捆扎得明显不牢，我急忙接过她的手替她扶着那捆由一堆废树皮和几个空矿泉水瓶组成的劳动成果，心想这能值几个钱啊。右侧老人哆嗦着把那根断了的绳子接上再放到失明老人的背上，可她一站起身绳子又断了。我手足无措地继续扶着那捆东西。她们笑着问我从哪里来要去向何方，她们说老表你应该骑着摩托车去，这样太慢。她们的方言我听得不是很懂，只好有一句没一句的回应着。我犹豫了一下，从车把包里取出日常备用的零钱，总共六十五块零两毛，我把钱塞到老人的手里，说这是我的一点心意，她愕然地想要拒绝但还是拽紧了钱，我说帮不上你们什么忙，希望你能接受。她跟失明的老人说了一些话，我实在不忍心看着那双溢出两行浊泪的残缺的双眼，为了缓解气氛，我说帮你们拍张照好吗，她们开始配合地看着镜头，我拍完后把相机递到她们的面前，失明老人羞愧地说看不见，我颤抖着手又把相机递到另一位老人的面前，她那看上去即便完好但显然已经严重老花的双眼想必也很难看清。“老表，我把钱分给她了，你看到的哦”我给的是一张50的整钱和几张10元以下的零钱，她把50留给了自己。我心里暗叹了一下，可以理解。看到失明老人快乐的表情和她身旁散落的柴火，我觉得是时候要走了。“你是个活神仙，老表...”，两位老人语无伦次地说着。我努力地把手中那捆柴火立定后，转身离去。身后留下两个伫立在原地目送我离开的孤单身影，我实在没有勇气去想象她们的未来。人都有命，她们属于她们口中说的可怜人。我日后如果失明，身旁会有一个搀扶着我的人吗？这个国家究竟要富裕到什么程度才能让人老有所养？温总胡总你们口中的和谐社会究竟在哪里？想太多了。继续前行。有一户人家在门口杀牛，我停下来跟他们点头示意后拿起相机拍了几张，被砍断四肢剥了皮的牛的尸体突兀地躺在地上，流淌的血汇成的沟上爬上了贪婪的苍蝇。我盯着那只牛隆起的肚子，反复拍了很多照片。这极有可能是一只怀孕的母牛！那家人被我拍的似乎不好意思，有两人停止手上熟练的活，走回屋内。单车缓缓地骑入楚雄州的沿江路，我好像记得@truthfree老兄当时的微博写到下榻的是在彝人古镇，那离这还有段距离，我停在红绿灯前向一摩的叔叔问路。一辆大巴在我跟前停下，下来了两位背着大包有着无敌年轻面庞的姑娘，我们对视了一下，忘了是谁先开口搭讪，总之愉快地在树下交谈了起来。我可是憋了几天没怎么跟人类好好交流过了。我可能说的太多了，和陌生姑娘第一次交流就这么兴高采烈的，这么唐突，一点也不像你给自己含蓄的大叔定位。朱小弟啊，朱小弟，本性难移的老朱小弟。树下合影，微博互粉，依依惜别。好像忘了说，认识你们很高兴---来自文山两位美女：@minmin熊和@黄瓜拌面酱。楚雄州的这条沿江路在黄昏时分应该是一天中最美的，干涸浑浊的护城河水一点也不有碍观瞻，一样是高原才有的低低的云层，草坪里散落的情侣们和敞开猥琐的肚皮惬意地晒着太阳的大叔们，远处逐渐进入眼帘颇具规模的彝人古镇，组成了一幕绝佳的风景画面。我把车子停靠在那根写着320国道的电线杆上，由近至远地拍了几张照片。彝人古镇，我来了。楚雄州政府的相关项目负责人想必在丽江束河古镇做过一番精心的考察，太他妈像了，除了招商没做好外（满大街充斥着缅甸玉器店和带有明显东南亚风情的经营人员），结果是引来了一堆又一堆的旅游团带领着一批又一批引颈待宰的倒霉蛋，像达叔之流的精明小资才不稀罕这地儿呢。古镇里很多店铺在转让，这和旅游旺季的现在显得格格不入。我选定了一家路段不错颇具规模貌似精品酒店的客栈，进内询价，前台姑娘说间原价270，特价120，我故技重施的扮可怜，结果实收80元每晚。酒店的硬件设施实在是太对得起这价格了，我美美地洗了个热水澡，再把洗好的衣服晒到二楼的阳台。背着相机轻装出门，先去药店买了瓶乐敦康眼药水（这两天额上混合着防晒霜的汗水大量流入眼睛导致眼睛充血模糊），吃了根忘了是伊利还是蒙牛的雪糕还在促销路演试喝了一口康师傅新上市的经典奶茶，打听到这家泡泡网吧的地址。再上传些照片就要下了，吃个晚饭或者宵夜喝几瓶啤酒回房睡觉。明天继续努力。7月8日，禄丰至楚雄，90公里。感觉良好。朱小弟，加油！8264这个论坛的贴子发表得好辛苦啊，照片只限3张，而且刚才一直提示我没有权限使用URL什么的，有人可以支招么？每天晚上写日记是个不好的习惯，大脑过于活跃，老睡不好，想起床看到外头天还没亮，更别指望能找到吃早餐的地儿，彝族人民过惯了夜生活，凌晨两点客栈附近酒吧里猜拳行令各种淫笑声不绝于耳。 云南的时差和福州至少有2小时。麻烦那位揉着睡眼有着水桶美腰的妹纸开了宾馆大门的锁，蹑手蹑脚地走在空无一人的古镇的街上，瞬间隐入这家刚阔别不到7小时的网吧。（对于无家可归有家不愿归的人来讲，网吧还真是好地方，看来我真是脱离大众生活太久了）再熬一小时，等看看哪家早餐店的老板最勤劳，能够像我一样有着睡得比妓晚起得比鸡早的苦逼的命。早安，楚雄！又是阴霾的天，逐渐恢复的体能带来轻松的心情。离开楚雄没多远的路上遇到了三位背包徒步前往香格里拉的广东妹纸，同是苦逼，拍照留念，互勉！看到了一只老的不成样子的宠物狗，瞎了一只眼，四肢蹒跚的走在路上，没来得及拍它的正面，心想咱家的狗狗到老的时候也会成这个样子。唉，岁月就是把***杀猪刀。平静孤独，快乐幸福，在这条没有行人的路上，永远年轻，永远热泪盈眶。一路音乐相伴，李逼万总周云蓬还有FLY哥哥的卡奇社，听到“达摩流浪者”这首歌时，恰好无意中看到320国道3000米的路牌。总是不停地在路牌上涂鸦的人们啊，您们到底想炫耀些神马**？！上午遭遇的大量上下坡路况还不算太难。坐在路边喝一口水，想起那天在公车上，我盯着一个在打盹的长腿姑娘看，向他们使了个眼神，老驼背缓缓地从口中吐出两个字：“so so”，不一会，雄哥一脸贱笑地跟着说：“just so so”想到明天就要到大理了，在微博上发了个言让喜欢明信片的兄弟姐妹们把地址私信或留言给我。在路边一家司机餐馆就餐，点了个辣椒炒肉要了罐啤酒，老板听说我要去拉萨，送了碗菜汤给我。坐在餐馆外闲扯的村民们对我这个怪异的外乡人显得很感兴趣，问长问短，我这不靠谱的旅行念头成了他们饭后最好的谈资。 一路上都在想着米饭，连吃了三天米线，怕怕。我对老板说别把饭装得太满怕吃不完浪费，结果却一口气来了个底朝天。途经一段铁路，看到铁轨旁的栏杆上披着很多旧裤子，颇为纳闷（这都是过铁路时不慎遇难者的遗物吗）。一辆火车刚呼啸而过，就看见有个牧羊人赶着羊群急匆匆地越过铁路，有两只小黑羊估计看对方不爽已经很久了，刚爬上路面就吵了起来，当场角斗，真逗！好路终于走完，准备爬坡之际，看到有个骑友靠在路旁休息，他来自青海，走完青藏线现在倒骑滇藏线，接下来还打算上北京进内蒙然后绕回家，他在色季拉山捡了个装备不佳的兄弟，那苦逼的辐条断了几根，现在后面推车。过了会儿，坡上又下来了位兄弟，从北京骑到拉萨现在还要再骑回去。唉，这年头，像我这样脑袋有病的人还真是不少。正当我们拍完照依依惜别之际，坡下骑上来了三位老外，跟我今天的目的地一样，普棚，还有34公里。众人因老外的出现显得格外激动，争相和那位大方妩媚的姑娘拍照。青海哥让我和老外一起走，并叮嘱说今天接下来的路全是以上坡为主的烂路，路上小心。（事实证明@truthfree兄弟前面说的七里坡应该就是这里，而不在昨天的路程，今天绝对是极度苦逼的一天）如果没有经历连续上坡令人崩溃的沮丧，是无法体会到在下坡路上御风而驰的快感。如果没有在暴晒下挥汗如雨最后体渴至极致，是无法想象左手拎着山寨冰棒右手握着正宗可乐再完全不顾吃相把头埋进西瓜里狼吞虎咽时的激动。老外们来自瑞士，大卫（哥 30岁）、雷迪霞（哥马子 30岁）、卢卡（弟 28岁），大卫和雷迪霞是单车环游世界者，在路上已经走了3年，来到中国7个月，去过广西、湖南等地。卢卡刚办了旅游证来中国，也跟着骑了1个月了。大卫和雷迪霞会说几句简单的汉语，卢卡基本上完全不会。我问大卫要骑往何方，他说老外无法获得西藏的证，只能去到丽江或者香格里拉。我说可知道丽江是中国的艳遇之城，他没听懂，我想了想，解释说是best one night stand city of china，雷迪霞在前面骑着听到这句话时回头看了我一眼，大卫遗憾地耸了耸肩，指着雷迪霞说：“她是我的美女”，我点了点头，大声地对雷迪霞说：“don`t care,just kidding”路上休息的时候，大卫说卢卡的膝盖受伤了，上坡路很痛苦，卢卡点点头，我说前两天也有类似的经历，后来通过调整好多了，卢卡说是因为以前踢足球时候的旧伤。卢卡卷起裤管的时候，我看到他的膝盖上贴着块膏药，我示意他把那杂牌坑爹的膏药撕下扔了，试一下我那神奇的magic spray，雷迪霞听到这个词语的时候，做了个要晕倒的姿势，难道她也听说过西门大官人曾经使用过的七步迷魂散。喷上药后，大卫感激地对我点头示意，继续上路。坑爹的上坡烂路使得骑行的时速只能保持6~7公里左右，雷迪霞开路，卢卡紧随其后，我和大卫收尾。由于他们的骑行速度明显略快过我，我很快就觉得累了，开始想念自己一个人骑行时的轻松惬意，于是，在他们停下拍照时，我不再等候迅速前行想甩掉他们，没一会，卢卡又追了上来，问我要不要吃一点甜品，我说随便，接着在一处有着开阔视野的悬崖边上，分享了他们行李里的面包。我主意已定，还是一个人走舒坦些，终于找了个机会不告而别，骑上一个逆光的坡时，在一颗大树下突然看见一个盘腿席地而坐的年轻人，身边放着一个大背包以及一本地图，我问他要去哪儿，他说要徒步前往大理，我说普棚离这不远，今晚可以考虑在那儿下榻，他摇了摇头说，能走到哪儿算哪儿，露宿是他的旅行方式。下了最后一个很长的坡后，进入普棚镇，这个镇子安静得异乎寻常，仿佛刚被鬼子洗劫过一般，几乎看不到什么年轻人，小镇上的居民好奇地打量着我后窃窃私语，我快速地把镇子骑了个遍确定了这儿只有两家简陋的旅社，在我决定去投宿村口的那家店时，在下坡拐弯处又遇见了这三个老外。唉，阴魂不散，就勉强凑合吧。我跟这三人走进了扬帆宾馆，老板说双人间每晚30元，三人间每晚40元，我说就要这两间吧（反正我喜欢自己一个人睡的踏实点）。老外们用瑞士语交头接耳了一番后，雷迪霞跑过来跟我说，如果要两个双人间，让卢卡跟我住，这样可以帮我省一点费用，我说也行。我用我的身份证登记了住宿并付清了所有房费，雷迪霞把他们的那份给我时我没有零钱找便少收了5块，她感激地说路上吃了我请客的西瓜和饮料已经很不好意思了，并问我要去吃晚餐吗，我说当然，她说那晚餐必须由他们来请客，我扬了扬眉头。我和大卫、卢卡走在前往觅食的路上，我说雷迪霞怎么还没跟上来，卢卡说她吃了一些糖果后就不吃晚饭了，大卫插了句她要减肥，卢卡不屑地说：“stupid think”我这劳累了一天，一心想喝点酒，又担心习惯了穷游的老外预算有限，我先问他们想吃什么，他们说由我来决定，我说这样子晚上我来请客，我们吃火锅喝啤酒，他们连连摇手说喝酒绝对是个好主意但是我请客是不对的。傍晚七点，普棚大部分的商店都在准备关门，吃了好几次闭门羹，最后在一家牛羊肉店找到吃的，老板娘说的话我听得不是很懂，我指手画脚地点了几道菜，让老外帮忙把桌椅搬到门外，再抱了一箱啤酒出来。镇上的小孩对我们很是好奇，摆出各种姿势让我们拍照后再过来围观相机的屏幕，开朗乐观的大卫跟他们玩得不亦乐乎，时而鬼脸时而怪异动作，腼腆斯文的卢卡则安静地坐在一旁。开喝之后，我们的话就开始多了起来，跟老外对话确实能迅速提高英语的口语水平，为了更好地进行交流，我带了平板电脑出来，一些无法表达的词汇要借助里面安装的翻译软件。他们学会了nice to meet u叫做幸会，还有cheers不能乱说有些中国人会理解为去死。我们干杯了more and more我问说德国的啤酒好喝那瑞士的啤酒如何，卢卡说一般般，但是欧洲啤酒度数普遍会高很多，他有时候喝一两升就要醉了，除了啤酒外他喝不了别的酒，墨西哥的塔基拉三杯倒，我笑着说可以试一下中国的二锅头，大卫插嘴说有52度，卢卡听了快晕过去。我们聊到了杰克凯鲁亚克的在路上，蝎子乐队的wind of change，他们很喜欢bob marley，他们欢快地唱的时候我也似懂非懂地跟着摇头晃脑地哼着。大卫说他和雷迪霞弄了个英法双语的网站），来记录他们的环球之旅，接下来会把和我在一起的经历写篇文章上传，他认真地在我的平板电脑里写下了那个网址。大卫会说好几国的语言，最擅长的是法语和意大利语。卢卡之前瑞士同时打四份工作，还是个私人健身教练，爱好广泛，滑雪、攀岩、网球样样精通。大卫说卢卡有个孩子得了类似crazy的躁狂症，他很痛苦，所以辞了工作来中国找他，卢卡点了点头。我说我对人生也充满疑惑，希望通过骑行能够想通一些事情。大卫指着面前的一碗炒饭问老板娘说要多少钱，答案是4块，大卫对我说其实人不需要过多的物质就可以过得很好了，他不想成为金钱的奴隶，这样的人生没有意思，我点头表示认同。有个酒鬼拎着酒杯在我们身边晃荡了一会后，突然搬了张凳子一屁股就坐在我的身旁，又拿起桌上的筷子欲伸向卢卡面前的食物，我急忙夺过他的筷子，直视他的眼神问他想干嘛，他说的方言我听不懂，我大声喊叫老板娘过来赶人，老板娘在远处畏缩地看着我们，我明白了这就是当地的一个地痞流氓。硬的不行就来软的，我迅速满脸堆笑地搭着他的肩膀说：“哥，我们今天刚骑行到这里在路边吃饭，来，抽支烟”，那酒徒没有接过我递出的烟，说了一句：“你在玩我是吧”（这句我倒是听懂了），我急忙继续媚笑地说：“哥，我今天在路上遇到这两个老外，他们环游世界来到中国，我英语不好急死我了，刚才多有得罪不要见怪”。接下来我用三寸不烂之舌终于让哥消了气，请哥抽烟陪哥喝酒让哥吃菜，酒徒其实倒也不是坏人，他也是因为好奇才接近我们，他说如果他那位上大学的儿子在家的话也可以像我一样和老外这么交流着。大卫和卢卡目瞪口呆地看着这一幕。末了，我跟他们解释了我和酒徒交手的过程，我说其实每个人都可能是坏人，也可能是好人，你自己眼中看到是什么人，他就会是什么人，一念成佛一念成魔。二人纷纷点头竖起拇指表示高见。这是个典型的只有留守老人和儿童的村镇。典型的中国特色下的社会现象。我提议玩些游戏，大卫立即兴奋了起来，怪声怪气地说起“剪刀石头布”，卢卡立即会意，他们演示了各个国家的“剪刀石头布”的说法（我还以为这是中国人自创的酒令，汗颜），我们接着又玩了猜左右手瓶盖有没有，轮到大卫做庄的时候，他身后围观的小孩想尽办法偷看他的双手，他一会钻到桌下一会把双手藏到衣服内，乐不可支。3个人，15瓶650ml大理啤酒，连同3盘牛肉3碗炒饭几个蔬菜一共126元。我悄悄地买了单。大卫和卢卡既激动又惭愧，问我打算在大理呆几天，如果有机会他们希望能在大理做东。卢卡把大卫的手机号码给了我，叫我无论如何要call他。人生有时候适可而止，我没想过还要再和他们聚首。满天星斗下，我们微醺着走回扬帆客栈，轮流洗澡。我感觉膝盖的伤已好得差不多了，就将剩余的云南白药喷雾给了卢卡。卢卡戴着头灯拿着本书说他有夜读的习惯，让我把灯关了好睡。我问他看的是不是lonely planet（这是老外来中国人手一本的圣经），他摇摇头说是一本关于信仰的小说。过了一会，我又说do you believe god，他犹豫了一会说从前信，现在不知道，他又补充了一句其实他是个基督徒。他反问我相信神吗，我说以前不信，现在开始有点信了。酒没喝透，似醉非醉，口干舌燥。并且整晚为了和老外对话，用脑过度，一闭上眼想的全是英语词汇。没睡好，悲催。二师兄的西游记（day 5）好不容易熬到天亮，卢卡还在熟睡。我蹑手蹑脚地把行李和单车搬到门外，开始洗漱、写笔记和整理行囊。还是阴霾的天。山里早晨的温度很低，我换上长袖速干衣骑车出门 0830，小镇的餐馆还没开门迎客，我在一家饼店里买了一个类似光饼的干粮，啃了几口，很干。一只趴在地上打盹的大黄狗很讨巧的走到我面前，可怜兮兮地看着我，我撕下几块碎饼扔得远远的，它高兴地跑过去叼着饼又跑回来蹲坐在我的车前。再经过一家蛋糕店时，我又买了半斤蛋糕挂在车把上。今天的目是大理。上关风，下关花，苍山雪，洱海月，一个传说中风花雪月的世界。遥想：大理城内夜幕低垂，慕容府中华灯初上，王姑娘刚被表哥训斥完回到房中闷闷不乐，正欲轻解罗衫上炕歇息，忽闻窗外一阵嚷嚷语嫣姐姐，在下乃来自福州之矮穷挫朱小弟，自幼爱慕姐姐，今来贵地求见一面，望留宿一宿，明早即走。王姑娘从门缝往外窥视，看见一衣裳不整胡子邋遢的汉子牵着一只破驴立于门外，心中不禁……途径祥云县时，先是走错路，懊恼不已，接着看到路边有家酸笋鸡餐馆，那个口水啊，进店后老板说最小一只三斤多你吃得完吗？出门后连找的三家饭店都是只做火锅，不接散客，气死我也！昨夜酗酒且失眠的缘故，今天感觉明显体虚。在野外做大完毕，通体舒爽，起身提起裤子时被山风一吹，冷汗直冒。感觉体渴得厉害，喝运动饮料也不顶用，看到路边有个卖梨的小摊，慌不迭把车子一丢，径直跑去买了一斤（6个小梨子），几乎是一口气全吃光，临走前我把车把上挂着剩余的3块小蛋糕给了那位卖梨的老伯，他非常意外，拿起几个梨子往我包里塞，我婉拒后飞车离去翻过最后几座山头，筋疲力竭。右膝后侧的韧带拉的很疼。我几乎是哭丧着脸进入大理市区，向人打听古城的方向，结果吓了我一跳，居然还有十几公里。远眺苍山，山顶上神奇地披着一层流动着的厚厚的白云。这就是传说中的苍山雪吗？美！一路上不停地问路、喝水、休息，这十几公里路骑了足足有一个多小时。洱海明显受到污染，岸边漂浮着大量藻类污染物。灰色的天，灰色的湖，我那疲惫的心情也是灰色的。过了洱海大桥，终于看到古城的指示牌，而且一出现就是相邻的两个，前面一个写着距离古城8公里，后面那个写着10公里，这坑爹的路牌，是不是有那个部门需要出来承担一下如此乌龙的责任？！驻足于古城南门外，原计划入住yha的三友客栈，结果接电话的姑娘没有给我带来好感。无意中看见路边有家驴窝驿栈，大堂里面人头攒动，进去一问单人间每晚90元，并且处于一楼单车可以放入房中，就这吧。一进入房间，还没来得及卸下行囊就四仰八叉地躺在床上，点了支烟。放松地感觉真是爽歪了！今天算是彻底把大爷我给骑垮了，浑身上下哪都痛。新增的烦恼包含但不局限：眼睛因进入大量混合着防晒乳的汗水而开始发炎、右膝后侧的韧带拉伤、菊蛋线彻底失守（菊花和蛋蛋之间的部位被磨破）老板，快把风花雪月四大美女都给我叫上来瞅瞅~躺了一会，心想还有很多事待办，还是挣扎着起来吧。洗漱完毕，带着相机轻装进城。久违7年的大理古城，没有感觉到明显变化，依旧是丽江的翻版。在德克士吃了份汉堡套餐，在邮局门口的报刊亭买了20张明信片，顺便打听了次日邮局开门的时间，接着去酒吧街溜达了一圈，临回去前又在烧烤摊吃了些东西。极度的疲累加上前几天的透支，美美地睡了一觉。二师兄的西游记（day 6 ） 二师兄的西游记（day 6 ）看来昨晚睡前费尽周折地把屋内所能看见的七只蚊子给灭了是非常重要的，并且因为实在太累了而无法坚持走到古城内入住已预定好的处于酒吧街的青旅是对的，我只想好好地睡个觉，睡得死死的，任凭有劫匪入室来将我先奸后杀都浑然不顾。早上醒来完全放松地躺在床上，真特么的爽！我坐在驴窝客栈的院子里，像抄作业似的草草写了20封明信片，太久没写这么字了，歪歪扭扭像小学生的手笔。整理行囊时，拿出包里的ABC日用绵柔，一阵纠结今天到底要不要用上。出门没多久就碰到了一行4人的骑行队，两个来自北京目拉萨，两位来自珠海目德钦。都是大一的学生，不过已经找不到青涩的感觉了。和这几个九零后的小清新一起骑行，感觉话还行，他们对我这位大叔也颇为尊重。我觉得我好像成了那个不慎跌落悬崖的倒霉鬼川哥。阿德据说没骑多远就摔倒了，浑身伤痕累累。大理到丽江之间还没开通高速公路，简称为大丽线的国道上车流如织，各种污染物吸入肺中，狭窄的山道上险象环生。听他们说今天的目是120公里外的鹤庆，而不是我所了解的松桂。死猪反正不怕开水烫，爱哪儿哪儿。一整天上下坡，强度很大。这几位刚第一天上路的小伙子明显感到亚历山大。好在最后以连续下坡七公里作为行程的结束曲，令已经苦逼了一整天的大伙儿都非常满意！并且几乎所有人都刷新了自己的骑行最高速度，我的瞬间时速是59.92。下榻松桂某超值客栈，有着洁白的床单和无限量的热水，每位仅收十元！晚餐AA制解决，点了一份羊肉火锅，尽享口舌之欲。喝了几瓶啤酒，话涉及风月，众人乐不可支，一天之疲乏消失殆尽。二师兄的西游记（day 7）国道边的旅馆日后真是不能住的，轮胎声、喇叭声、甚至是吵架声，彻夜不绝于耳，又是一夜无眠，苦！这一路至今，只有一晚的睡眠是正常的。不过，体能逐渐适应倒是个不争的事实。菊蛋线经过伤口清道夫的修复已有明显好转，膝盖或韧带也基本没太大问，我是不是已经成功晋级了？！ 五人行一路嘻嘻哈哈，独乐乐和众乐乐都别有乐趣。今天将要抵达丽江。艳遇之城，妹纸们，你们都准备好迎接帅哥了吗！？本以为很轻松的路程，结果还是不停地翻山越岭，下午四点左右终于抵达丽江古城。一阵突如其来的短时暴雨使我们的队伍小慌乱了一番。雨后的彩虹悬挂在古城上空。在雄哥的远程连线帮助下，以每人100元的价格入住位于四方街半山观景台的胡思年月客栈，老板阿鬼来自福州（同福州胡思年月酒吧），和蔼可亲接待到位，末了还亲自带我们前往美味可口的黄焖鸡餐厅。六人正式出发前的会师宴，自然少不了一番豪饮，北京的帅小伙阿彭还没等到上菜就喝挂了，同是北京来的小酒窝喝了4瓶左右也挂了，珠海小伙子倒是酒量不错，最后还要求我必须要带他们去酒吧寻找艳遇。顺道在四方街的樱花屋要了一个靠窗的卡座，猜枚跳舞。没有美女，没有收获。深夜，微醺的我们踩着古城的青石板一路发着牢骚回到客栈。酒精的作用下，我连衣服都没脱倒头就睡。据说还可耻地打了呼噜。二师兄的西游记（day 8）依然是7点钟准时醒来，阿德和小廖在另一张大床上熟睡着。看看浴室镜中的自己，皮肤松弛胡子拉渣，尤其是眼袋部分被晒伤后变得十分松弛，终于彻底暴露了岁月在我身上施暴过的痕迹。已经完全是个大叔形象了。看来养尊处优和餐风露宿的面容确实是完全不一样的，即使这才经历了几天而已，心里暗叹了一声。今天要在丽江好好休整一天。要做的事情还很多：洗衣服；给单车保养上油；买支抗皱紧实的眼霜、晒后修复面贴膜和芦荟凝胶，然后在风景绝佳的客栈里做做肌肤护理。顺便再给亲们寄出来自艳遇之城的明信片。先在庭院里泡了会茶，看了看微博，结果居然收到一位姑娘同游虎跳峡的同城邀请，我回复她说今天很忙。将脏衣服放入洗衣机后，拿着相机四处觅景，信步走上雄哥口中有着绝佳视觉效果的二楼观景屋，整个古城尽收眼底。真是美啊！似乎始终与我无缘的艳遇之城。观景屋有两台电脑可以上网，我嬉皮笑脸地把两位正在不知疲倦地打着游戏的其中一位小女孩给哄骗走（我说只借用一会），结果我赖在那儿两三个小时都还没走，她百无聊赖地趴在弟弟身旁的木桌上打盹。终于，她那可爱的弟弟对着我说：叔叔，你可以让她玩一会电脑吗？抱歉，小朋友，大叔我也想下了，你们家的网络太卡，我要去网吧呆上一会。顺便邀上阿德一同去吃午餐。大雨中，在邮局买了要由丽江寄出的明信片，在银行ATM取了些钱，经过那家有着难忘回忆的361度专卖店（6年前的美好回忆），在川菜店吃了酸菜鱼，在某家大型超市买了上述的保养品和一些补给品。二师兄的西游记（day 8 补充）五一街的小酒吧文艺气息浓厚，初哥的扯淡屋也开在其中，无数次听到雄哥提及，今晚抽空请客栈老板鬼哥带路前往。扯淡屋没有店招，隐匿于五一街末段，面积20平米不到，一楼以歌手表演为主，二楼可以泡茶和观影。这儿的酒水没有价，随善功德。初哥去了拉萨没有见着，店里只有一位来自广西的替班歌手阿峰和另一位阳光可爱的大学生姑娘。顾客进进出出，三三两两，看不出有谁是真心喜欢这地方或是在认真地听歌，大部分都是过来拍照发微博装个逼。阿峰整晚几乎都唱着许巍的歌，很投入，唱得很有味道。我点了一首阿或姑娘喜欢听的我思念的城市，也映衬出自己的心情。我思念的城市已是黄昏为何我总对你一往情深曾经给我快乐 也给我创伤曾经给我希望 也给我绝望我在遥远的城市 陌生的人群感觉着你遥远的忧伤我的幻想我在遥远的城市 陌生的人群感觉着你遥远的忧伤我的幻想风路过的时候 没能吹走这个城市太厚的灰尘多少次的雨水 从来没有冲掉你那沉重的忧伤你的忧伤 像我的绝望那样漫长风路过的时候 没能吹走这个城市太厚的灰尘多少次的雨水 从来没有冲掉你那沉重的忧伤你的忧伤 像我的绝望那样漫长二师兄的西游记（day 9） 离开丽江，一样阴霾的天。从北门坡往拉市海的方向骑行，路上遇到来自贵州的阿陈，顺手把他给捡了。原计划一天的行程结果半天左右就快跑完了，人多也有好处啊，你追我赶的，平路都飚到了48km/h（瞬间速度而已，别误会）。刚进入虎跳峡的这段路正在修路，塞车绵延长达几公里，我们在拥堵的车流里上窜下跳，呼啸而过，十昏拉轰！阿陈、我和阿德三人先行杀出重围，在大桥上等候还困在里头的其他骑友。途中休息，偶遇玉龙雪山，海拔5000多米的顶峰在云中若隐若现。下午沿着虎跳峡而上，眼看着浑浊湍急的金沙江水咆哮而下，为了减少明天的强度（要上到海拔3000多），今天多爬了二十几公里的上坡路，绝对令人崩溃的最后五公里，众人蹲坐在路旁的小卖部，一边喝着一瓶三块钱的山寨百事可乐，一边欣赏着阿德哥那肿胀的旧伤口和今日新添加的晒伤后的水泡，猥琐的小酒窝躲在一旁用他手中的相机记录下幸灾乐祸的我们。夜宿宝山客栈，小廖哥言中有着村长风范的老板长着与我颇有几分相似，晚饭时他身着民族服装端着泸沽湖特产的白酒为我们献上歌曲。客栈的浴室在国道另一边的房子里，我被漏电的门把电了一下后摸黑走出那个充满灵异幻想的院子，再冒着生命危险穿越暗黑的国道走回客栈房间，哎哟刚才似乎没穿外裤，万一发生车祸横死街头那死相可真是不雅。今天路上又捡了一个来自贵州的精壮小伙子阿陈，这家伙有着足够强壮的身体和愿意担当的精神，很快就被公推为新一任领导人，不知道这位新上任的老板对我这位满口脏话不思进取的落后分子有神马看法。但是自从他来后，我又恢复了抽烟的不良习惯。明天一早出发，预计傍晚之前会到达那个消失的地平线。再次勾起我六年前的美好回忆，你好！香格里拉。屋外下着大雨，不愿冒雨前往客栈的公用厕所，就站在阳台对着花圃随便解决了一下。重新回到屋内，趁睡意还未完全来临之前细细观察了一下这个每位仅收费十元的房间，洁白的床单，四个屋角都非常对称的落满了蜘蛛网，我睡的床位旁的窗帘后至少有数百只形状各异的昆虫尸体，窗外虎跳峡的金沙江水涛声依旧。依旧迟迟无法入眠。操！赞赞赞赞转载(2)二师兄的西游记（day 10）刚走出客栈大门，就看见山间雾气弥漫，路旁野花盛开，林里晨鸟低语，谷底江水咆哮，宛如仙境一般的通往香格里拉之路。出了虎跳峡镇后，连续上坡40几公里，海拔上升到3400米。满视野的高山草甸风光，云雾，野花，森林，流水，村庄，迷失在这诗画般的香格里拉大峡谷。17：00左右，抵达香格里拉县，直奔独克宗古城，yha的庭院里坐着很多貌似情趣高雅的姑娘，不过可惜已经没有房间了。改投这家有着超级无敌阳光房大庭院的亚那青波客栈，双人间每晚100元，在当下旅游旺季，这种价格令我颇为意外。莽撞的阿德哥无知者无畏，一路抛下我们绝尘而去，结果走丢了。我和小廖哥在放置好行李后只好又拖着疲惫不堪的身子骑车出来找他。阔别六年，独克宗古城还是老样子，没啥变化。坐在旅馆对面新开张的火锅店里，吃着六年前同样点的那道菜，松茸炖土鸡。物是人非，六年来太多变化。众人酒足饭饱之后各自离场。([]
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吴台卿序……….“到处流浪， 命运唤我奔向远方， 我看这世界像沙漠， 它四处空旷没人烟…… 到处流浪…… ”。 一首《拉兹之歌》，让多少人对印度向往，就是这部印度电影，在中国大陆首先揭开了印度神秘的面纱。让无数人梦寐中或多或少带上了印度情结，什么时候能有机会去到那个并不遥远的国度，亲耳聆听那曼妙婉转的歌声；亲眼目睹那阿娜多姿的舞蹈；亲身感受那美丽迷人的印度姑娘……。随着国门的打开，蜂拥而出的中国人，开始漫向世界各地。印度的一切又逐次在中国人的眼前清晰起来；那无数精美的古代建筑、壮丽的泰姬陵和它美妙的故事传说、一千多年前的性文化雕塑群、多次荣登世界小姐宝座的印度姑娘、加上印度的脏、乱、差…….这一切让印度更加神秘、更加不可思议。2013年9月初，一个偶然的机会，到印度自助游去，变成了我的旅游计划。时间；2013年9月到2013年10月21日；内容；制定自助游路线。筹备所需资料和物品。 参考去过印度的旅游攻略和印度文化建筑介绍。大致决定在印度自助游从东面的加尔各答开始，历时22天。到达最西面的阿姆利则后返回德里离开。具体路线如下；加尔各达（Kolkata）————菩提迦叶（BodhGaya）——————瓦纳拉西（VaranASI）————克久拉霍（Khajuraho）————阿格拉（Agra）————斋普尔（Jaipur）————乌代普尔（Udaipur）————热那克普（Rannakpur）————焦德普尔（Jodhpur）————杰沙梅尔（杰伊瑟尔梅尔Jaisalmer）———比卡内尔（Bikaner）————阿姆利则（Amritsar火车先到JALANDHAR贾朗达尔后，再转LOCAL BUS）————德里（New Delhi）印度自助游有关准备工作；换汇；印度很多城市可使用信用卡。中国人的习惯都是带上现金。那就在银行调换好美金备用。但，印度的换汇比率随时在变化。可根据自己的需要兑换成印度卢比（Rs）。我在印度期间兑换率是；10月23日在加尔各答机场，100$==5597Rs.10月24日在加尔各答萨德街上的换汇点，100$==6010Rs.10月25日在菩提迦叶100$==6050Rs.11月6日在焦德普尔100$==6020Rs。 11月13日在德里100$==6050Rs.相比之下，在到达印度机场时最好不换汇，那个差别实在太大了。出了机场到了市区，随便找家换汇点先换部分，以后随时可以在所到城市换取Rs使用。2， 证；印度的证在亚洲国家里相对比较麻烦比较烦琐。个人旅游证需要提供如下资料；（1）、护照原件：（六个月零十天以上有效期）。（2）照片：2张白底彩照，5cm * 5cm正方形，(同美国证照片尺寸一样，需露耳朵，不接受扫描或不清晰的照片)。（3）存款证明：人民币一万元以上的银行存款证明原件（至少四个月冻结期）（4）、公司在职证明（英文版）（5）、身份证复印件：1份，正反面复印到一张纸上，（6）、个人证申请表（可在网上搜索下载）。印度出入境卡；印度出入境卡； 印度一般是有效期三个月，30天的旅游证。网上有专门办代理证的公司。但费用比较高。可在网上查讯，有要690元的，有要850元的，还有喊价1500元的。我请北京的一个朋友帮我代办的证，是她亲自把材料送到印度使馆，30天的旅游证371元。这位朋友已只是在网上认识尚未谋面的朋友。网名彩云游子。帮忙如此热心，让我好生感激，不知有没有机会报答这位朋友这份情谊。 证办好后，最好把你的护照首页和证页复印若干份，在印度买火车票和住宿都需要护照复印件和证复印件。你可根据你在印度旅游的时间来决定复印多少份为宜。3，交通；在印度国内旅行，铁路四通八达，价格非常便宜，所以，坐火车是在印度国内旅行的首选。火车有很多等级，Superfast, Fast, Express, Passenger。等级不同票价不同，车体的新旧也不同。应尽量避免Passenger，这种普客又挤又慢，车厢十分破旧。车票也分为很多级别。有2nd Class Chair（硬座）；2nd Class Sleeper（硬卧）；2nd A/C( 空调硬卧)，和1st A/C(空调软卧)等。空调车舒适度好，价格可能是2nd Class Sleeper的2-3倍左右，车上提供饮料和餐食，通常是印度富裕人士和外国游客乘坐。火车售票分为售票处（BOOKING OFFICE）和预售处（RESERVATION OFFICE），一些大站（如新德里）有专门的外国人售票处（International Tourist Bureau），可是有的International Tourist Bureau不售票，只提供咨询和休息，买车票去RESERVATION OFFICE。在德里、加尔各答、孟买等大城市购买火车票比较紧张，不大容易买到当天或第二天的火车票，如有可能最好在国内出发前就先定好在印度国内旅行的火车票。但一般中小城市买火车票还是很容易，很多城市还专门有外国人购买火车票的窗口和侯车室。这是购买印度火车票的印度铁路官方网站；https//www.irctc.co.in/。火车站内常用设施中英文对照：火车站在印度习惯讲：RailwayStation上铺〈UB〉、中铺〈MB〉、下铺〈LB〉，以及靠走道的上铺〈SU〉与下铺〈SL〉，火车问讯处：Enquiry或Railway Information 站台：plantform存包的地方：cloak room女士候车室：Lady’s Waiting room 车掌：TTE, Train Ticket Examiner候车室：Waiting room（通常有浴室和厕所）高等级车票候车室：upper class waiting room（一般指3A以上级别。印度人不是这个档次车票不会进来。您是老外，别管你拿什么级别车票，进去再说）普通卧铺候车室：sleeper class waiting room（人比较多，也比较脏）休息室：Retiring Room餐厅：refreshment room 查票：ticket checker 还要多少时间How many more times 来回机票；去印度肯定要考虑买好来回的机票，有很多这方面的攻略。主要是能买到最便宜的机票可以为你的旅行节省不少的银子，请要去的朋友最好提前半年留意机票信息，争取定到最便宜的来回机票。汽车；印度的汽车相对比火车贵点。下列是印度北部主要城市间距离和汽车价格（长途客车）。乌代普尔——阿格拉 630KM12小时180Rs乌代普尔——孟买 730KM16小时200Rs乌代普尔——德里 670KM14小时200Rs乌代普尔——斋普尔 406KM9小时 200Rs乌代普尔——焦特布尔 275KM 8小时 110Rs乌代普尔——科塔 6小时110Rs乌代普尔——阿埠山 7小时 100Rs 4，住宿;印度现在随旅游业的发达。住宿非常方便。每个城市乃至有景点的乡村都有高档的星级宾馆和家庭式小旅社、和类式青年旅社那样的小客栈。我个人不很喜欢住高档的酒店。这种地方，人与人之间的关系比较冷漠，无法真正接触和感知所在国家的真实状况、找不到贴近当地人生活的感觉。我比较喜欢家庭式的小旅社，小客栈。这样的地方有它独特的装修风格，甚至墙上有大量来往人员的涂鸦。住在这样的地方，你可以和老板、老板娘亲密接触。他们已多半有问必答，热心地为你帮忙和力尽所能的指点你怎样在这里玩的舒服。和大酒店比起来，这种地方价格非常便宜。哪怕你在旅馆里蒙头大睡几天，已不会心痛每天帐单上增加的银子数。 5，印度的饮食特点；A，糊状菜；如果说中国菜的特点是“清清白白”，色香味三者，色是摆在第一位的，因好看可以激发食欲；印度菜的特点则是“糊糊涂涂”，各种主菜都放一大把咖喱粉，看起来都一个颜色。荤菜不亲口尝一尝，很难区分是什么肉类；蔬菜也是捣成糊状，搁些咖喱。在中国人看来，长时间的煮熬使维生素尽失，令人觉得可惜，印度人则乐此不疲。说印度菜把香放在首位恐怕并不过分。不过，印度菜的香并非中国人所习惯闻的那种香味，而是太香了；印度菜的辣味也并非中国人所习惯的咸辣、酸辣或麻辣，而是“冲”鼻子的辛辣，许多中国人恐怕一时难以适应。 B，吃素；印度虔诚的佛教徒和印度教徒都是素食主义者，耆那教徒更是严格吃素，吃素的人占印度人口一半以上，因此，印度是典型的素食王国，素食文化是印度饮食文化中最基本的特色之一。 C，手抓饭；多数印度人，包括上流社会的人通常习惯用手抓饭吃。印度人进餐时一般是一只盘子、一杯凉水，把米饭和饼放在盘内，菜和汤浇在上面。印度人的主食主要是米饭和饼，他们喜欢吃的并非中国人的白米饭，而是把饭煮熟后，放些油和调料，饭的颜色呈黄色，或者同别的什么菜炒在一块。用手把菜和饭混在一起，在盘里搅拌几下，抓起来捏一捏，然后送进口内。 D，不抽烟不喝酒；受宗教禁忌的影响，印度人几乎不喝酒，嗜酒成瘾者或酒量很大者极少，从未见过印度人一饮而尽地干杯，也从未见过有人行酒令或醉倒过。印度抽烟的人极少，公务往来和红白喜事，从未有人敬烟。印度的烟仅10支装，印度人口袋里装一包烟、一个打火机的不多，一些烟民宁愿买一支抽一支。 E，香辣咖喱唱主角： 印度人做菜用得最多、最普遍的是咖喱粉。咖喱粉是用胡椒、姜黄和茴香等20多种调料合成的一种香辣调味品，呈黄色粉末状。印度饮食文化也可以称为咖喱文化，这种饮食文化以香辣味道为特色。人们谈到印度饭，首先想到的十之八九是咖喱饭。咖喱饭可以是素食，也可以是荤食；可以是米饭，也可以是面食。印度人对咖喱粉可谓情有独钟，几乎每道菜都用，咖喱鸡、咖喱鱼、咖喱土豆、咖喱菜花、咖喱汤等等，每个经营印度饭菜的餐馆都飘着一股咖喱味。 F，野味无人敢问津 在许多中国人看起来是美味佳肴的东西，印度人基本上不吃。印度没有野味店，不仅野味无人问津，就是蟮鱼、泥鳅、甲鱼、乌龟、蛇这些东西，印度人也不吃，至于吃狗肉、猫肉、鸽子肉等，更是想都不敢想的事。印度人基本上不吃各种肉类的下水内脏，因而价格便宜得不可思议，有的几乎等于不要钱。例如，5个卢比(相当于1元钱人民币)可以买到1公斤鸡爪。在印度可以看到和边几斤重的大鱼就在岸边游来游去，伸手可捉，但却无人问津。 G，印度菜的特点就是糊状菜，而且还加以各种色素，黄的汤，绿的糊，红的泥。如果没有一段时间的适应，是很难习惯的。此外，无论在家庭还是餐馆，印度人认为生水是最好的饮料，餐桌上总会有一杯凉水。印度主要食物列表： Dal：是主要的素食菜之一，由几种大豆混合香料，经长时间熬制而成。 Tandoori：印度式的烘烤。 Lassi：印度酸奶。印度甜品：香浓甜滑，非常值得品尝。 Chutney：印度小蘸料，微酸中带点薄荷的香味。 ， 6 ，语言：印度民族众多，语言复杂，据统计，印度共有1652种语言和方言。其中使用人数超过百万的达33种。英语在印度很有影响。除宪法规定的18种语言为联邦官方语言外，还规定英语为行政和司法用语。英语和印地语同为官方语言。北印度语言主要包括印地语和乌尔都语等。南印度语言主要有泰米尔语、泰卢固语等。印度东北地区语言主要包括那加语和米佐语等。印度中部地区主要有桑塔尔语、蒙达语等。还有安达曼语，主要流行于安达曼群岛。下面是印地语中常用单词的谐音。（仅供参考）。你好 那玛斯第 对不起；察玛加里伍。 谢谢，达尼亚哇多。 请，哥利比亚。 是；哈伍。 不是，那兴伍。男，布鲁丝. 女，斯多里.少女，拉鲁奇。 青年，拉里加。 小孩，巴查亚。单人房，埃克 比得 哇拉。 双人 多比得哇拉。 钱，巴伊沙。 价钱，达姆. 结帐，希沙布。 吃饭，加纳。洗手间，巴多鲁姆多伊拉特。 计程车，塔克西。船， 那乌。 列车，托里伊伍. 飞机， 夏哇伊 渣哈子。 商店，多卡伍。 邮局，坡斯特奥费斯。 银行，巴伍克。医生，多可塔。 警务督察，波里斯。日本人， 渣巴尼 印度人，兴多士塔尼。 东，布拉布。 南，达克西伍。 西，巴斯千姆。 北，沃太鲁。 左，巴埃伍。 右，达希纳。 星期一，苏姆哇尔。 星期二，码葛鲁哇尔 星期三，布多哇尔。 星期四，格鲁哇尔。 星期五，苏克鲁哇尔 星期六，谢尼哇尔。星期日，拉布伊哇尔1，埃克。 2，多。 3，添伍。4，查尔。5，巴伍。6，千。 7，沙特。 8，阿特。9，娜乌。10，达斯。100，斯乌。你叫什么名字？ 阿布加 卡亚那母 哈伊？你好吗？ 阿布加卡亚哈鲁哈伊？我很好，多谢。马因地哥夫达尼亚圭多。我叫张三。 米拉那母张三哈伊。 再见吧， 费路米丽伍葛。这是什么？伊埃期亚哈伊？ 不知道。 巴塔那兴。可不可以和你照张像？ 期亚玛因阿布卡弗多理鲁伍？印度是非常好的地方！ 姆谢巴拉多拍沙得哈伊！有房间吗？ 卡母拉哈伊卡亚？ 洗手间在哪儿？ 拉巴多里卡哈哈伊？请给我看菜单， 曼纽的卡地尖。 给我红茶， 玛因查埃布因格。很好吃， 巴付伊阿查拉格。 结帐。 比鲁的尖。想去医院。 荷士比塔渣那哈伊。 请叫医生。 大格塔布拉的谢伊。不太舒服。 塔比亚多的克那兴哈伊。什么时间出发？ 格鲁希期多你巴谢求弟哥。这是哪儿？ 伊埃卡亚渣那渣塔夫伍？ 请便宜点。 加姆加路那阿。请带我去成都酒店。 姆谢成都荷塔尔来查罗。我想去成都。 姆谢成都渣那哈伊。 这个多少钱？ 伊斯加达姆卡亚哈伊？不要。 那希伍查亚伊埃。 太多了。 伊埃巴好托渣达哈伊。请给我一点点。 托拉沙的伊芬。 这个好。 姆谢伊埃拍沙得哈伊。这个不合适我。 姆谢伊埃拍沙得那希伍。我要买纺织品。 玛因里斯面加布拉加里多纳察哈他。请给我看这条K金项链。 苏耐期伊埃马拉地加伊埃。有没有钻石戒指？ 阿布朗巴斯希里期阿达地伊哈伊？你住在哪里？ 阿布加汗拉希地哈伊伍？我住在成都。 马因成都面拉希达芬伍。7，电话；目前印度有14家移动运营商经营移动电话业余。印度移动电信市场竞争激烈，排名随时在变换。2012年底的排名是；Idea拥有5590万用户，BSNL为5520万。 其次是巴帝电信（Bhart Airtel）；沃达丰爱莎（VodafoneEssar）。在CDMA领域排名靠前的还有Reliance、BSNL、塔塔电信（Tata Teleservices）等，它们均同时运营GSM/CDMA双网。在印度购买移动电话卡，最好买排名靠前的移动运营商的卡，这些公司在印度国内几乎每个乡镇都有维护网点。便于调整你所使用的移动卡任何问。有的小的移动运营商，即使其所销售的卡要便宜些，但如是打电话或上网有什么障碍，很难在你所在的城市找到该公司的维护网点，那卡就等于白买了。 8 ，费用；我10月23日晚上到达印度加尔各答。11月14日从德里离开，在印度境内呆了23天。除去来回机票不计。所花费用主要是；A，住宿，3800RS。（火车上渡过4个晚上，在火车站渡过2个晚上，在阿姆利则金庙免费住了1个晚上。实际只住了15夜。） B，景点门票；3000RS。（其中最贵的是泰姬陵750RS。最不值得的是德里的贾玛清真寺300RS。其他大多是200RS以下。） C，吃；我在印度用在吃上的钱不多，除了个别情况外，一般每顿200RS，就够了。在印度最奢侈的一顿是在千柱庙出来，吃了一顿自助餐，每人320RS。大约每天伙食费在600RS，23天在吃上用去13800RS。还包含每天必吃的酸奶。 D，行；在印度坐了七段火车，4200RS。从菩提迦叶到瓦纳拉西、乌代普尔到焦德普尔、比卡内尔到阿姆利则这三段坐的长途汽车，共用3100RS。坐tutu 车用去2500RS。交通费用合计9800RS。E，其他杂用；电话卡、小费、水果4500RS。在印度23天，除去机票不算，总共花费34900RS。折合人民币3500元左右。 9，印度人的习俗； A，印度人是用摇头表示赞同，用点头表示不同意。人们用手抓耳朵表示自责；召唤某人的动作是将手掌向下摆手指，但不能只用一个指头；指人时也要用整个手掌，不能用一两个指头。 B，印度人大多习惯用传统的佛教手势－－双手合十。互相问好祝安。双手合十时，把双手举到脸部前才算合十。这种招呼，显得比握手高尚、文雅。注意切莫在双手合十的时候，也同时点头,容易引起当地人的嗤笑,那就破坏了亲切和气的气氛,显得有点不伦不类了。 C，印度人吃饭，习惯用手抓捏饭揉成团送进口里。但必须是用右手。给别人递食物、餐具，更得用右手。这是因为人们认为右手干净。 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叶耀祯壶瓶山，位于湖南省常德市石门县境内，海拔2098.7米，被称为“湖南屋脊”。利用国庆假期，约好刚从深圳回来的好朋友，卜宗年夫妇，一起成行。 说到错误游，到现在还有些许遗憾；本打算去登壶瓶山主峰峰顶的，时间也定在假期的最后6、7日两天，选择这两天，主要是考虑大部分游客都在返程中，加上媒体近几天报道，较多的景区出现游客爆棚的情况，来一个错峰出发，应该是明智之举，后来事实证明是正确的。 10月6日上午按时出发，可是，由于本人轻视了此次出游的准备，（因为是市内游），没有仔细研读攻略，犯了一个常识性的错误，认为壶瓶山应该就在壶瓶山镇，而且石门县汽车站内，有几辆等客待运的大巴车，挡风玻璃上都赫然贴着“石门——壶瓶山”的红色大字路牌，登壶瓶山顶，搭乘到壶瓶山的车应该不会错吧，于是，四人毫不犹豫地登上了即将开往壶瓶山的大巴。 大巴一开出石门县城约2公里，就开始进入爬山路段，经过3小时20分的跌宕起伏、峰回路转，大巴终于在下午2点20分到达壶瓶山镇，四人下车后的第一件事就是找餐馆，其实不是找，是直奔，因为简易车站对面，就有一家“胖子餐馆”。 随乘大巴的女乘务员也介绍说，她们也经常在这家餐馆吃饭，另外还给我们介绍了同车两位美女，她俩？不是，应该是她仨也是来旅游的，（还要算上她们的“崽崽”，一只白色的宠物狗），她们选定的项目是漂流。 我们的团队由四人增加到六人，餐馆内，花很短的时间就点好了饭菜，趁着上菜的空隙，向该店胖子老板打听登山的路，老板一句话，把我们都搞懵了，他说：到壶瓶山登顶的地方还有6、70公里山路要走，一个叫“南坪”的地方，每天一班车，下午1点30分开出，现在没有车进去了。 怎么办？另外租车去吧，找了几台车，价格贵得离谱，而且车况也不好，时间也不够了，我们不想出什么状况，只能放弃登顶壶瓶山。 最后只好改变旅游路线，到17公里外的壶瓶山生态旅游景区看看，于是便诞生了错误的旅游。 六人匆忙吃完饭后付账走人，同车的两位美女她们仨不知什么原因，改变了主意，不与我们同行了，团队依然变成原来的四人。 壶瓶山镇，是一个藏在大山深处的山村小镇，费了好一番功夫，找来一辆经过改装加篷的三轮摩托车，当地人叫“麻麻车”，也是山村常用的载人工具，为什么会叫这么个名呢？我相信朋友们和我一样，对这个名字产生好奇。 经过我们四人团队的亲身搭乘体验，终于悟出其中的真谛：麻，真的麻，不是一般的麻，而是浑身上下都麻，麻到脸皮肌肉失去控制，麻到耳内奇痒忍不住用手指去掏。十几公里山路的颠簸，能不麻嘛？你要坐上去，你也麻。身体保持坐的姿势，充分利用腿部韧带的缓冲功能，任由坐板在屁股下面上下跳动。 沿途景色不错哦，高山峡谷，溪流潺潺，鸟兽争鸣，森林茂密，五颜六色，美不胜收，意外的惊喜啊。 进入景区后，感觉特别清爽，游道是沿着缓缓溪流向上修建的，两边是高山，多处是绝壁，瀑布点缀其中，怪石嶙峋，置身其中好畅快。 虽有小小遗憾，但也不虚此行。 从澧县出发先前已商定好，实行AA制，由我全程买单，卜妻记账，返程后算账。10月6日早上，7点钟起床，洗漱，整理行装。735分，和老婆出门，澧县多安桥乘3路公汽（票价1元/人）到”桃花滩宾馆“站下车。739分，与好友卜宗年夫妇回合，”稻花香“餐厅早餐（餐费共40元）后，四人清点行装。810分，乘2路公汽（东站——西站）到澧县西站（票价1元/人）。820分，乘（澧县——石门）大巴 （票价15元/人)。953分，到达石门县汽车东站。1000，乘石门（东站——西站）公汽（票价1元/人）。1048分，到达石门西站。以上的行程没有拍照片。1100，乘（石门——壶瓶山）大巴（票价30元/人）。开始上照片大巴行驶在盘山公路上车上一个8个月大的小萌妹，老看着我笑，特别可爱。沿途的风光沿途的风光 经过3个多小时的颠簸，下午220分到达壶瓶山镇。其中的来龙去脉前面已经表述，这里不再重复。 下面这辆车，就是我们从壶瓶山镇转乘到壶瓶山生态景区的车辆，当地人叫“麻麻车”，与车主谈好车费50元，我们四人就上了这辆车，250分继续赶路。 平时没有客人的时候，就当小货车用，只要你坐了这车后，你就永远不会忘记它。估计以后训练航天员可能会排上用场，要不要去试试？ 目前通往景区的道路只允许这么宽的车辆通行，宽了会车就困难了。 42分钟后到达景区大门入口，门票费80元/人，因预先与麻麻车车主打听过门票的事，车主承诺，不买票可以带我们进去（不明白其中的缘由），还说向前还有7公里路程，前提是要补加30元的车费，划算，成交。 麻麻车果然载着我们顺利通过，约行进10米后，只听见大门处有人冲我们喊：要买票啊，不过是象征性的履行所谓的职责罢了，我们没听见lol。 继续前进，约7分钟就到了一个岔路口，这里住有几户人家，也有几家小店、小旅馆，这里环境不错，山溪环屋流淌，森林茂密，绿草如茵，我们在此下车，看看旅馆； 第一家的房间还好，就是小了点，两人住有点挤，床铺很干净，有电视，没有电脑，价格100元； 第二家的房子较旧，大小较合适，但没有卫生间，没有电脑、电视，80元可以开房，没看上。 还是觉得第一家好一点，又回到第一家，继续与管房的小青年侃价，小青年很有原则，一个子都不少，问他的老板在哪里，回答：老板没时间，在邻居家打牌，算哒，我们撤。 旅馆到景区的徒步起点（象鼻子沟）只有1.5公里了（旅馆内打听到的），看来麻麻车主7公里的说法明显是撒谎了。 麻麻车5分钟就把我们送到了目的地，时间是下午430分，看时间还早，准备进景区溜达一会儿再做打算。（照片为卜妻拍摄）80元的车费付给了麻麻车主，车主一溜烟跑了。 开始徒步进入象鼻沟景区，景区木廊亭口有一个穿红色T恤的中年男子，主动走近我们，说进景区要买门票，80元/人，这时觉得有点被愚弄的沮丧。经过一番侃价，同意我们四人买3张票，3*80=240元，而且没有正规的门票，红T恤男子随手给我们写了一张白纸条，写下了他的电话号码，他姓吴。说今天、明天凭他的白纸条都可以进出，我拍下了这张白纸条，如收宝贝一样的把它装进口袋。进入景区。仙女瀑 由于时间的关系，今天的观光就到此告一段落，因为景区530分关门，我们必须要在这一时间前走出景区。 另外，我们住的旅馆还没有落实，进景区前，门口有一个当地摆摊的中年妇女，对我们很友好，让我们免费尝她的烤红薯、野生板栗、猕猴桃，跟我们拉家常，想要我们住在她的家里，我们四人被她的朴实、诚恳打动了。 从景区出来后，决定到她家里看看，（其实我们在心里都定下来了住她家） 照片中远处的那把太阳伞，就是我们的房东经营地。去农户家的路上，也不时被风景所吸引。 15分钟散步式的行进，到了农户家，房东姓杨，房间很宽敞，采光明亮，客厅、卫生间、电视都有，四人当即同意，入住。房费150元，两房一大厅。 谈好晚饭的费用，房东给我们做饭，一个鱼火锅，两个素菜，80元。这栋两层楼房，就是我们今晚夜宿的地方。 吃晚饭后，天已经完全黑暗，也没有什么地方可去，周围出奇的安静，凭我的职业经验判断，环境噪音绝不会超过15db。上二楼房间闲聊，看电视，房东两夫妻也来加入我们阵营，天南海北，无话不谈。11点钟后，睡觉。明天还有任务呢。 10月7日早上730起床，洗漱完成，趁房东准备早餐的空隙，到屋前屋后看看，今天天气很好，阳光已照在大山顶上屋后的背景旁边还有一栋木装修的小楼，是一家小规模旅店。你知道房东窗户前面摆放的是什么吗？四条腿，纯木制造，猜猜看。屋前有一条干枯的石沟，沟的上游约30米的地方，有水流入，下游20米的地方，有水流出，据房东讲，下雨的时候，水流很大，能平堤，而且还是很清澈的水。([]
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